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Tuesday, September 10, 2013

The Sound of Silence

“The silence in the wadi is an ancient silence, so overwhelming that it is almost a presence, a sound. Perhaps it is the sound of God. It feels that way to me. I feel that I am in the presence of majesty, of glory. As the explanation for one of the most important prayers on Rosh HaShana and Yom Kipper relates: God is the sound of a still soft voice. In the book of Kings, Elijah flees to wilderness, to hide in a cave. Perhaps this cave is connected to the cave where Koby was killed. There, Elijah was told that God would appear. He felt a strong wind, heard an earthquake and saw a fire, but God was not in any of these. God instead was in a soft hushed voice. God’s presence is not something that forces you to recognize it; you have to listen very hard to hear. You have to make room for it in your own silence. That the silence in this canyon: it’s not an emptiness. The silence is like putting your ear to the hush of a shell that has been waiting for you to pick it up from the beginning of time.

“The silence of the cave, the silence of the canyon – in the face of pain and suffering, silence respects the mystery of life and the limits of language. It says that there is more to our lives that we can speak about. It admits there is another way of knowing and that knowing is sometimes in the space between words.”
The Blessing of a Broken Heart, by Sherri Mandell, pp. 59-60

“R. Aryeh Levine recounted:

“…I derived particularly great pleasure at sitting before the Nazir, R. David Cohen, and listening to the ‘sound of his silence.’ It was a kind of mysterious sound, an exalted sound. The sound of sublime song emanated and ascending from his silence.

“Once, I was confronted with a very serious and urgent matter, and I could not decide how to act. I went to consult with out master, Rav Kook zt”l, but, by chance, he was not home at the time. I entered the beit midrash and found it practically empty. Only R. David Cohen was there, sitting in a corner, immersed in his studies. I went up to him and greeted him cordially. He reciprocated with a cheerful grin and motioned to me that I should sit down. I sat down next to him, and neither of us uttered a word for close to half-an-hour. We just sat there silently. Afterwards, I stood up, took my leave, and returned home. When I arrived, I felt as if all of my questions and doubts were solved. Everything that I wanted to ask seemed so simple now, so clear. It was amazing.

“R. Chayim Ya’akov Levine, R. Aryeh’s son, once told this story to Rav Kook, and the Rav responded: ‘Why was [your father] so amazed? Does he think that our R. David is the silent type? Not so. R. David talks a lot; he doesn’t stop talking. It’s just that he speaks in his own unique language – the language of silence, which is the language of wisdom.’

“Then the Rav added: ‘The Maharal of Prague writes in Nitivot Olam that wisdom can take hold [only] in the realm of thought, a realm where folly has no grasp. Wisdom can exist in thought because it is spiritual; folly, on the other hand, cannot, for it is [more] material. Folly has no existence until it materializes and becomes embodied in speech. Silence is an expression of thought; it is the language of wisdom. This is what Elifaz meant when he said. There was silence, and I heard a voice (Iyov 4:16). And when two hears unite in silence, they can hear a voice passing from one to the other.”
-An Angel Among Men: Rav Avraham Yitzchak HaKohen Kook, by Simcha Rav (trans. Moshe Lichtman), pp. 371-373


“Someone once asked the Heilige R. Nachman of Breslov, ‘How loud should a person yell when he davens [prays]?’ And R. Nachman answered, ‘You have to pray so loud that nobody can hear a thing…’

“You know, all the Holy Masters had different ways of giving over their exalted teachings to their chasidim. Sometimes they gave formal lessons or Torah discourses, Or maybe they’d clothe their message in the form of stories or parables. But there was one Rebbe, the Heilige R. Menachem Mendel of Vorka, the younger son of the Holy R. Yitzchak Vorker, who was different than all the rest. Not only did he never give classes, he mamash hardly ever spoke at all. R. Mendele taught through silence. And so he was called the Silent Tzaddik, the Silent Rebbe.”

Lamed Vav: a collection of the favorite stories of Rabbi Shlomo Carlebach, p. 267



Rav Dovid Cohen, The Nazir

Monday, September 2, 2013

Mirrors: Part II

 וְאִם-בְּאֵלֶּה לֹא תִוָּסְרוּ, לִי וַהֲלַכְתֶּם עִמִּי קֶרִי
 וְהָלַכְתִּי אַף-אֲנִי עִמָּכֶם בְּקֶרִי
 וְהִכֵּיתִי אֶתְכֶם גַּם-אָנִי שֶׁבַע עַל חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם
“If despite these you will not be chastised toward Me, and you behave casually with Me, then I, too, will behave toward you will casualness; and I will strike you, even I, seven ways for your sins.”
Vayikra 26:23-24

עִם-חָסִיד תִּתְחַסָּד  עִם-גְּבַר תָּמִים תִּתַּמָּם 
 עִם-נָבָר תִּתְבָּרָר וְעִם-עִקֵּשׁ תִּתְפַּתָּל
“With the devout You acted devoutly, with the wholehearted man You act wholeheartedly. With the pure you act purely, and with the crooked you acted perversely.”
Tehillim 18:26-27 (see also Mishlei 3:34)

 ה΄ שֹׁמְרֶךָ   ה΄ צִלְּךָ עַל-יַד יְמִינֶךָ
“God is your guardian; God is your shade/shadow at your right hand.”
Tehillim 121:5

אמר לו הק΄ למשה, משה אמור להן לישראל שמי אהיה אשר אהיה, ומהו אהיה אשר אהיה, כשם שאתה הווה עמי, כך אני הווה עמך, מסרתי להם שתי מידות טובות המשפט והצדק, אם עושין הן משפט, אין אני עושה משפט, ואני משפיע טובות, אם אינן עושין משפט, אני עושה משפט ומחריב העולם, וכן בצדקה, אם פותחין הן את ידיהן ונותנין, אף אני אפתח להן...

וכן אמר דוד ה΄ שומרך, ה΄ צלך על יד ימינך (תהילים קכ"א), כצלך, מה צלך, אם אתה משחוק לו הוא משחיק לך, אם אתה בוכה לו, הוא בוכה כנגדך, אם אתה נותן לו פנים זועפות, אף הוא נותן לך כך, ואם פנים מסוברות אתה נותן, אף הוא נותן לך...

“The Holy One said to Moshe: Moshe tell Israel that my name is ‘I will be as I will be.’ What is the meaning of “I will be as I will be? Just as you are with me, I will be with you. I gave you two good attributes – justice and charity. If you judge [appropriately], I will not judge; If you do not judge, I will judge and destroy the world. So too regarding charity: If you open up your hands and give, I too will open [my hands] to you…

“Similarly, David said ‘God is your guardian; God is your shadow at your right hand.’ As a shadow – if you play with your shadow, it plays as well, if you cry to it, it cries in response to you, if you give it an angry face, as such it will return to you, and if you give it a happy face, so will it give to you…”
מדרש השכם\ספר והזהיר על פרשת משפטים[i]  

כַּמַּיִם, הַפָּנִים לַפָּנִים כֵּן לֵב-הָאָדָם, לָאָדָם
“As a face is reflected in water, so the heart of man to man.”
Mishlei 27:19

וכמו שהאדם דבק להשי״ת כן הקב״ה מדבק בו
וכמ״ש ועל הכסא דמות כמראה אדם
וכן כל הנביאים ראו בדמות אדם לפי שהן אדם לכן מראה עצמו להם בדמות אדם
“As a person cleaves to God, so The Holy One cleaves to him. This is the meaning of the verse ‘And on the throne [of glory], an image like the face of Man.’ So too, all of the prophets saw in [their visions of the heavenly throne] the image of Man since they are men. Thus, He shows Himself to them in the image of Man”
Peirush ha’Gra on Mishlei 27:19

כל נביאים נסתכלו באספקלריא שאינה מאירה, משה רבינו נסתכל באספקלריא המאירה
“All the prophets looked through a poorly reflective mirror; Moshe looked through a highly shined mirror.”
Yevamot 49b (see Sukkah 45b)[ii]

בא ליטמא פותחין לו, בא ליטהר מסייעים אותו
“If one comes to defile himself, they [heaven] provide an opening for him. If one comes to purify himself, they help him."
Shabbat 104a[iii]

במדה שאדם מודד, בה מודדין לו
“In the measure that a person measures [his actions], so they [heaven] measure to him”
Sotah 8b[iv]

בדרך שאדם רוצה לילך, בה מוליכין אותו
“In the way a person wishes to go, in that way they [heaven] lead him.”
Makkot 10b



[i] See Ramban and Torah Shleimah on Shemot 3:13; Avodat haKodesh, Chapter 16; Midrash Shmuel on Avot 3:17; Sefer ha’Shelah, Toldot Adam, Sha’ar ha’Gadol; Kedushat Levi in many places in the name of the Ba’al Shem Tov (e.g. Derasha l’Chanukah); Nefesh ha’Chaim 1:6. For a discussion of this imagery see Moshe Idel, Kabbalah: New Perspectives, Chapter 8.

[ii] Regarding the meaning of “Aspaklaria” as “mirror,” see Keilim 30:2 (and commentaries there), Yerushalmi Berakhot 8:6 (and Mareh Pnim there) and Tikkunei Zohar 19 (#73).

[iii] See also Yoma 39b, which Torah Temimah quotes on Vayikra 11:43 and relates to Tehillim 121:5. 

[iv] For similar sources and applications, see Shabbat 105b, Pesachim 69a, Rosh Hashana 12b, Yevamot 107b, Nedarim 32a, Sanhedrin 90a and 108a, Chullin 127a, Arachin 16b, Bereshit Rabbah 9, Bamidbar Rabbah 11, Devarim Rabbah 11, Introduction to Eicha Rabbah, Mekhilta Beshalach 6.